SPACE RACE
How the climate of the Cold War contributed to the development of the Space Race in general
The Cold War began in 1947 and ended in 1991. It commenced as soon as the Second World War ended. It was a situation, in which political disagreements, military apprehensions, economic competitions and proxy wars reached its peak between the Western Bloc countries - the US, its NATO allies and the others and the powers in the Eastern Bloc - the Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact. Both sides are suspicious and apprehensive of each other and they engaged themselves in an arms race. The cold War gave the impetus to the US and the USSR to send rockets and their goods to the space. Thus, the Space Race began.
The Space Race (1955-1972) was a stiff antagonism, which existed between the USA and the USSR in the 20th century. They vied with each other to attain dominance and supremacy in space exploration. Their rivalry led to the launch of artificial satellites into space. Further, they sent unmanned spaceflights to the Moon, Venus and Mars. Human missions were undertaken to the Earth orbit and Moon as well.
A logical space policy began to take form in the US during the late 1950s. In contrast, the USSR was wary of the US and wanted to achieve many firsts to counter the prospect that the US might succeed. So, both the US and USSR became busy developing long-range weapons with which to strike the territory of the other.
Specific Inventions
The Space Race competition between the US and the USSR commenced on August 2, 1955 when the Soviet Union reacted to the US declaration, four days earlier, of its plan to launch artificial satellites to space between July 1, 1957 and Dec 31, 1958 to celebrate the International Geophysical Year. Before the US could do it, the Soviet Union astonished the world by launching Sputnik 1 on Oct 4, 1957. The US was not far behind; on January 31, 1958, it succeeded in launching its first space satellite, Explorer 1 on a four-stage Juno I rocket. The US sent its second satellite into orbit two months later.
On April 12, 1961 the USSR stunned the world again when Yuri Gagarin became the first man to reach the space in Vostok. However, the US was not left far behind. The American astronaut, Alan Shepard reached space in Freedom 7 on May, 1961. In spite of not achieving the orbit, which was achieved by the Russian astronaut, Shepard became the first person to attain manualpower over his spaceflight’s attitude and retro-rocket firing.
On July 21, 1961, American Virgil “Gus” Grission repeated Shepard’s sub-oriental flight in Liberty Bell 7. Soon after, John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 undertaking accomplished three orbits in the Friendship 7 spacecraft. The US launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn’s success. They are Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 (duplicated Glenn’s three orbits), Sigma 7 on Oct 3, 1962 (accomplished six orbits) and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963(accomplished 22 orbits).
On August 6, 1961, GhermanTitov became the first Russian to have manual control over his spaceflight, Vostok 2. Once more, the USSR displayed its potential on August 11 and 12, 1962 by sending two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 in the same orbits. On June 16, 1963, the dual-launch mission was repeated with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6. However, it was an additional success for them as Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to reach the space in Vostok 6. Besides, USSR has the distinction of sending the first animal (a dog) to space.
The Space Race reached its peak on July 20, 1969 when Neil Armstrong made history by setting his feet on the surface of the Moon. After this venture, the Cold War rivalry began to wane. In 1975, the joint Apollo-Soyuz mission sent three US astronauts into space aboard an Apollo spacecraft that tied up in the orbit with the Soyuz(USSR) craft. When the commanders of the two crafts officially greeted each other, it symbolized the gradual progress in the US-USSR relationships.
The types of inventions included with Space Race (two from each side)
The USA
The Cold War began in 1947 and ended in 1991. It commenced as soon as the Second World War ended. It was a situation, in which political disagreements, military apprehensions, economic competitions and proxy wars reached its peak between the Western Bloc countries - the US, its NATO allies and the others and the powers in the Eastern Bloc - the Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact. Both sides are suspicious and apprehensive of each other and they engaged themselves in an arms race. The cold War gave the impetus to the US and the USSR to send rockets and their goods to the space. Thus, the Space Race began.
The Space Race (1955-1972) was a stiff antagonism, which existed between the USA and the USSR in the 20th century. They vied with each other to attain dominance and supremacy in space exploration. Their rivalry led to the launch of artificial satellites into space. Further, they sent unmanned spaceflights to the Moon, Venus and Mars. Human missions were undertaken to the Earth orbit and Moon as well.
A logical space policy began to take form in the US during the late 1950s. In contrast, the USSR was wary of the US and wanted to achieve many firsts to counter the prospect that the US might succeed. So, both the US and USSR became busy developing long-range weapons with which to strike the territory of the other.
Specific Inventions
The Space Race competition between the US and the USSR commenced on August 2, 1955 when the Soviet Union reacted to the US declaration, four days earlier, of its plan to launch artificial satellites to space between July 1, 1957 and Dec 31, 1958 to celebrate the International Geophysical Year. Before the US could do it, the Soviet Union astonished the world by launching Sputnik 1 on Oct 4, 1957. The US was not far behind; on January 31, 1958, it succeeded in launching its first space satellite, Explorer 1 on a four-stage Juno I rocket. The US sent its second satellite into orbit two months later.
On April 12, 1961 the USSR stunned the world again when Yuri Gagarin became the first man to reach the space in Vostok. However, the US was not left far behind. The American astronaut, Alan Shepard reached space in Freedom 7 on May, 1961. In spite of not achieving the orbit, which was achieved by the Russian astronaut, Shepard became the first person to attain manualpower over his spaceflight’s attitude and retro-rocket firing.
On July 21, 1961, American Virgil “Gus” Grission repeated Shepard’s sub-oriental flight in Liberty Bell 7. Soon after, John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 undertaking accomplished three orbits in the Friendship 7 spacecraft. The US launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn’s success. They are Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 (duplicated Glenn’s three orbits), Sigma 7 on Oct 3, 1962 (accomplished six orbits) and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963(accomplished 22 orbits).
On August 6, 1961, GhermanTitov became the first Russian to have manual control over his spaceflight, Vostok 2. Once more, the USSR displayed its potential on August 11 and 12, 1962 by sending two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 in the same orbits. On June 16, 1963, the dual-launch mission was repeated with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6. However, it was an additional success for them as Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to reach the space in Vostok 6. Besides, USSR has the distinction of sending the first animal (a dog) to space.
The Space Race reached its peak on July 20, 1969 when Neil Armstrong made history by setting his feet on the surface of the Moon. After this venture, the Cold War rivalry began to wane. In 1975, the joint Apollo-Soyuz mission sent three US astronauts into space aboard an Apollo spacecraft that tied up in the orbit with the Soyuz(USSR) craft. When the commanders of the two crafts officially greeted each other, it symbolized the gradual progress in the US-USSR relationships.
The types of inventions included with Space Race (two from each side)
The USA
Explorer 1
Explorer 1 was the first satellite of the United States. It was launched as part of its commemoration of the International Geophysical Year. Actually, the US was ahead in the preparation of Explorer I, but before it could perform it, the Soviet Union succeeded in sending Sputnik 1, which was the ultimate beginning of the Space Race.
Explorer 1 was launched on January 31, 1958 from Cape Canaveral Missile Annex, Florida. It was the first spacecraft to sense the Van Allen radiation belt and it returned the data until its batteries were worn out. It was in orbit until 1970. It was pursued by another 90 scientific spacecraft in the Explorer series.
Explorer 1 rotated around the Earth and it reached as near as 354 kilometers to the Earth and as faraway as 2,515 kilometers. It completed one flight path every 114.8 minutes. On May 23, 1958, Explorer 1 did its concluding broadcast. Altogether it made 58,000 rotations. It burnt up on March 31, 1970 before entering the Earth’s atmosphere. Explorer 1 gave the Americans the much needed confidence as they were struggling to cope up with the Russians after a series of failures.
Explorer 1 was the first satellite of the United States. It was launched as part of its commemoration of the International Geophysical Year. Actually, the US was ahead in the preparation of Explorer I, but before it could perform it, the Soviet Union succeeded in sending Sputnik 1, which was the ultimate beginning of the Space Race.
Explorer 1 was launched on January 31, 1958 from Cape Canaveral Missile Annex, Florida. It was the first spacecraft to sense the Van Allen radiation belt and it returned the data until its batteries were worn out. It was in orbit until 1970. It was pursued by another 90 scientific spacecraft in the Explorer series.
Explorer 1 rotated around the Earth and it reached as near as 354 kilometers to the Earth and as faraway as 2,515 kilometers. It completed one flight path every 114.8 minutes. On May 23, 1958, Explorer 1 did its concluding broadcast. Altogether it made 58,000 rotations. It burnt up on March 31, 1970 before entering the Earth’s atmosphere. Explorer 1 gave the Americans the much needed confidence as they were struggling to cope up with the Russians after a series of failures.
Project Gemini
Project Gemini, which was NASA’s second human mission Programme comprises two unmanned and ten manned missions. It started in 1961 and ended in 1966. It gapped the bridge between the Mercury and Apollo programmes for the US. It gave the US the edge over the USSR in its Cold War Space. Project Gemini comprised a recovery segment, re-entry control system, cabin section, retrograde section, and an equipment section.
The main objective of Project Gemini Programme was to develop space travel techniques to support the mission to land astronauts on the Moon. Besides, it included orbital planning, rendezvous and docking. Land recovery was examined earlier on using landing skids and an inflatable wing. However, time constraints made it to switch over to a more traditional parachute and ocean landing. The experience, which the US earned in Project Gemini proved significant to the accomplishment of the Apollo missions later on.
Project Gemini, which was NASA’s second human mission Programme comprises two unmanned and ten manned missions. It started in 1961 and ended in 1966. It gapped the bridge between the Mercury and Apollo programmes for the US. It gave the US the edge over the USSR in its Cold War Space. Project Gemini comprised a recovery segment, re-entry control system, cabin section, retrograde section, and an equipment section.
The main objective of Project Gemini Programme was to develop space travel techniques to support the mission to land astronauts on the Moon. Besides, it included orbital planning, rendezvous and docking. Land recovery was examined earlier on using landing skids and an inflatable wing. However, time constraints made it to switch over to a more traditional parachute and ocean landing. The experience, which the US earned in Project Gemini proved significant to the accomplishment of the Apollo missions later on.
The USSR
Sputnik 1
When everybody was expecting the US to inaugurate the Space Race, the Soviet Union surprised the world with its launch of Sputnik 1, the world’s first artificial satellite. It was launched on Oct 4, 1957from the TyuratamLaunch Base in the Kazakh Republic. Though Sputnik 1 did not have any scientific equipment, it gave scientistssignificant scientific information.
Sputnik 1was launched to coincide with the International Geophysical Year. However, the US feared that the move of the Soviet Union had sinister motives. The main concern of the US was that it was lagging behind the Soviet Union in its space technology. Sputnik 1 was 10 times more in size of the proposed US satellite. The USA was caught unaware by the launch of Sputnik1 and wished to catch up with the USSR and thus began the Space Race.
Vostok
Vostokisa series of manned Soviet spacecraft. The initial flight carried the first human being into space. It was launched on April 12, 1961 and it has the distinction of carrying the first human (Yury A. Gagarin) to space. It made a single orbit of the Earth.
Vostokis a series of six launchings, which took place from 1961 to 1963. The first flight (Vostok 1) lasted only for an hour and a half. The second flight (Vostok 2) was in space for more than 25 hours and made 17 orbits around the Earth. The remaining two Vostok voyages were launched in pairs. On August 11, 1962 Vostok 3 as well as Vostok 4 was launched. The final two missions of the Vostok series were special as they carried with them the first woman cosmonaut, Valentina V. Terehkova.Vostok 5 was launched on June 14, 1963, followed by Vostok 6 two days later.
Sputnik 1
When everybody was expecting the US to inaugurate the Space Race, the Soviet Union surprised the world with its launch of Sputnik 1, the world’s first artificial satellite. It was launched on Oct 4, 1957from the TyuratamLaunch Base in the Kazakh Republic. Though Sputnik 1 did not have any scientific equipment, it gave scientistssignificant scientific information.
Sputnik 1was launched to coincide with the International Geophysical Year. However, the US feared that the move of the Soviet Union had sinister motives. The main concern of the US was that it was lagging behind the Soviet Union in its space technology. Sputnik 1 was 10 times more in size of the proposed US satellite. The USA was caught unaware by the launch of Sputnik1 and wished to catch up with the USSR and thus began the Space Race.
Vostok
Vostokisa series of manned Soviet spacecraft. The initial flight carried the first human being into space. It was launched on April 12, 1961 and it has the distinction of carrying the first human (Yury A. Gagarin) to space. It made a single orbit of the Earth.
Vostokis a series of six launchings, which took place from 1961 to 1963. The first flight (Vostok 1) lasted only for an hour and a half. The second flight (Vostok 2) was in space for more than 25 hours and made 17 orbits around the Earth. The remaining two Vostok voyages were launched in pairs. On August 11, 1962 Vostok 3 as well as Vostok 4 was launched. The final two missions of the Vostok series were special as they carried with them the first woman cosmonaut, Valentina V. Terehkova.Vostok 5 was launched on June 14, 1963, followed by Vostok 6 two days later.
How the inventions gave one side an advantage over the other
Explorer 1vs Sputnik 1
With the launch of Sputnik 1, the Soviet Union went ahead of the US in the Space Race. This small satellite put the USSR in the limelight and it demonstrated to the world that it had the capability to beat the US. The success of the Russian Space success sent shockwaves across the world; especially the Americans were stunned. The launch made the Americans to do some soul-searching because still then they thought they had the technological advantage, which was accompanied by a post-war economic bang. In addition, the Soviets quietly were launching bigger and more powerful satellites and demonstrated to the world that the success of Sputnik was not a stroke of luck. However, the US came out of the crisis by its successful launch of Explorer1, nearly four months after the launch of Sputnik 1.
Project Gemini vs Vostok
In January 1962, the US declared Project Gemini. It was an extension of Project Mercury. It was made with an eye to build up techniques for additional sophisticated and complicated space travel programmes and it paved way for Project Apollo and its goal of landing an American on the Moon.The Gemini project was an enormous success and it led to a lot of significant milestones in America’s space programmes. With its final Gemini mission, Gemini 12, the US proved to the world that space walks could be done quite easily.
Meanwhile, the USSR planned more long-term missions for its Vostok spacecraft, and had four Vostoks at various stages. At that time, the Americans announced their plans regarding Project Gemini flight schedule. Their strategies incorporated major expansions in their spacecraft capabilities, including a two-person spacecraft, the potential and capacity to alter orbits and the command to execute an extravehicular activity. These features made the American spaceflight superior to the Russian Vostok capsules.
One invention, from each side, that was influenced by an invention from the other side
Salyuts (USSR)vs Skylab(US)
In the competition between the superpowers – the US and the USSR, the Soviets won the space race of placing the first space station in orbit. The Russians succeeded in launching Salyut 1 on April 19, 1971. It was followed by a series of six space station launches. Influenced by it, the US launched Skylab.
In the inventions of both - Salyuts and Skylab - engineers took great care about size, its shape, weight and strength. Further, scientists from both sides wanted to study the outcomes of long-duration spaceflight on the human body, to photograph the Earth and the Solar System and eventually to analyse how to prepare superior and sophisticated improved next generation space stations.
The structural design of both space stations was the same. Each one of them consisted of a single large cylinder, in which the crew could live and do their experiments. As soon as the American engineers completed the preparations for the launch of Skylab, they studied the grave failures of Salyuts and paid careful attention to even minute details. The Salyut Programme, in the final outcome, led to the development of Russia’s Mir space station. However, Skylab’s history was a rocky one and it fell from orbit in 1979 after just three missions.
Apollo(US)-Soyuz(USSR)
The Apollo-Soyuz mission was initiated by the US. The operation commenced at Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan. Soyuz 19 was launched on July 15, 1975 carrying with it cosmonauts, Alexey Leonov and Valery Kubasov. Within hours, Apollo lifted off from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center with astronauts, Thomas Stafford, Vance Brand and Donald Slayton. The members of the two spaceflights cordially wished each other and thereby formally began their mutual venture.
The astronauts of the Apollo-Soyuz mission accomplished numerous scientific researches. On July 19, both the spaceflights undocked themselves in the space. When Apollo backed away, it blocked the sun from the Soyuz vehicle and thereby created the first human-made eclipse and it helped the cosmonauts to photograph the sun’s corona. Soyuz 19 stayed in orbit an extra day to carry out further life-science experiments. Its mission ended on July 21 with its successful landing near BaikonurCosmodrome. Soyuz 19 was the first Soviet space mission with a televised launch and landing. When Soyuz spaceflight touched the Earth, the American spaceflight was still in orbit. The American astronauts used the additional time, they got, by performing tests related to space and the Earth. Apollo splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, west of Hawaii on July 24. It was the last planned ocean landing for this renowned US human spaceflight.
Explorer 1vs Sputnik 1
With the launch of Sputnik 1, the Soviet Union went ahead of the US in the Space Race. This small satellite put the USSR in the limelight and it demonstrated to the world that it had the capability to beat the US. The success of the Russian Space success sent shockwaves across the world; especially the Americans were stunned. The launch made the Americans to do some soul-searching because still then they thought they had the technological advantage, which was accompanied by a post-war economic bang. In addition, the Soviets quietly were launching bigger and more powerful satellites and demonstrated to the world that the success of Sputnik was not a stroke of luck. However, the US came out of the crisis by its successful launch of Explorer1, nearly four months after the launch of Sputnik 1.
Project Gemini vs Vostok
In January 1962, the US declared Project Gemini. It was an extension of Project Mercury. It was made with an eye to build up techniques for additional sophisticated and complicated space travel programmes and it paved way for Project Apollo and its goal of landing an American on the Moon.The Gemini project was an enormous success and it led to a lot of significant milestones in America’s space programmes. With its final Gemini mission, Gemini 12, the US proved to the world that space walks could be done quite easily.
Meanwhile, the USSR planned more long-term missions for its Vostok spacecraft, and had four Vostoks at various stages. At that time, the Americans announced their plans regarding Project Gemini flight schedule. Their strategies incorporated major expansions in their spacecraft capabilities, including a two-person spacecraft, the potential and capacity to alter orbits and the command to execute an extravehicular activity. These features made the American spaceflight superior to the Russian Vostok capsules.
One invention, from each side, that was influenced by an invention from the other side
Salyuts (USSR)vs Skylab(US)
In the competition between the superpowers – the US and the USSR, the Soviets won the space race of placing the first space station in orbit. The Russians succeeded in launching Salyut 1 on April 19, 1971. It was followed by a series of six space station launches. Influenced by it, the US launched Skylab.
In the inventions of both - Salyuts and Skylab - engineers took great care about size, its shape, weight and strength. Further, scientists from both sides wanted to study the outcomes of long-duration spaceflight on the human body, to photograph the Earth and the Solar System and eventually to analyse how to prepare superior and sophisticated improved next generation space stations.
The structural design of both space stations was the same. Each one of them consisted of a single large cylinder, in which the crew could live and do their experiments. As soon as the American engineers completed the preparations for the launch of Skylab, they studied the grave failures of Salyuts and paid careful attention to even minute details. The Salyut Programme, in the final outcome, led to the development of Russia’s Mir space station. However, Skylab’s history was a rocky one and it fell from orbit in 1979 after just three missions.
Apollo(US)-Soyuz(USSR)
The Apollo-Soyuz mission was initiated by the US. The operation commenced at Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan. Soyuz 19 was launched on July 15, 1975 carrying with it cosmonauts, Alexey Leonov and Valery Kubasov. Within hours, Apollo lifted off from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center with astronauts, Thomas Stafford, Vance Brand and Donald Slayton. The members of the two spaceflights cordially wished each other and thereby formally began their mutual venture.
The astronauts of the Apollo-Soyuz mission accomplished numerous scientific researches. On July 19, both the spaceflights undocked themselves in the space. When Apollo backed away, it blocked the sun from the Soyuz vehicle and thereby created the first human-made eclipse and it helped the cosmonauts to photograph the sun’s corona. Soyuz 19 stayed in orbit an extra day to carry out further life-science experiments. Its mission ended on July 21 with its successful landing near BaikonurCosmodrome. Soyuz 19 was the first Soviet space mission with a televised launch and landing. When Soyuz spaceflight touched the Earth, the American spaceflight was still in orbit. The American astronauts used the additional time, they got, by performing tests related to space and the Earth. Apollo splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, west of Hawaii on July 24. It was the last planned ocean landing for this renowned US human spaceflight.
On invention that might be credited with giving the American’s the distinct advantage in being successful in the Cold War (you have to be able to prove how it contributed to eventual victory)
APOLLO 11
The US made history on July 20, 1969. On that day, Apollo 11 landed on the Moon and the American astronauts, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin became the first humans ever to land on the Moon. Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon. At that time, the Cold War was at its peak and it was a great victory for the US.
However, this victory was achieved after the US encountered some major setbacks. In 1967, the US faced a hold up in its space programmewhen the crew of Apollo 1 was killed in a fire in their cabin a month before its intended launch. The US recovered from Apollo 1 fire by rectifying its seriousflaws. Before the launch of Apollo 11, there were several preliminary or test missions, which includedApollo 8, 9 and 10. These test missions were triumphant stepping stones to an actual moon landing, which happened on July 20, 1969.
Apollo 11 took off from Kennedy Space Center with astronauts, Neil Armstrong, EdwinAldrin and Michael Collins on boardon July 16, 1968. After it had travelled 240,000 miles in 76 hours, it entered into the lunar orbit on July 19. At 1.46 p.m., the very next day, the Lunar Module Eagle, which was manned by Armstrong and Aldrin, disconnected from the Command Module, where Collins waited. The Eagle began to drop on to the lunar surface and at 4.17 p.m., it reached the south-west side of the Sea of Tranquility. Armstrong without delay radioed to Mission Control in Houston, Texas: “The Eagle has landed.” After 19 minutes, Aldrin too joined him on the surface of the Moon. Then, they took photographs, planted a US flag and carried out a few easy scientific tests.
By landing on the moon, the US won the space race and the Americans supported their heroes a lot.Meanwhile, Russia suffered setbacks in their space programmes between 1969 and 1872. Putting a man first in the space was a huge victory for the US as it proved that it is the world’s technology leader.
This would not be the last time that a trip would be made to the Moon. However, this first landing on the moonwill be etched forever. The Soviets made four failed attempts to launch a lunar landing craft between 1969 and 1972. Thus, initially though the Soviet Union had many firsts to its credit regarding the Space Race, the Americans became the eventual winners.
APOLLO 11
The US made history on July 20, 1969. On that day, Apollo 11 landed on the Moon and the American astronauts, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin became the first humans ever to land on the Moon. Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon. At that time, the Cold War was at its peak and it was a great victory for the US.
However, this victory was achieved after the US encountered some major setbacks. In 1967, the US faced a hold up in its space programmewhen the crew of Apollo 1 was killed in a fire in their cabin a month before its intended launch. The US recovered from Apollo 1 fire by rectifying its seriousflaws. Before the launch of Apollo 11, there were several preliminary or test missions, which includedApollo 8, 9 and 10. These test missions were triumphant stepping stones to an actual moon landing, which happened on July 20, 1969.
Apollo 11 took off from Kennedy Space Center with astronauts, Neil Armstrong, EdwinAldrin and Michael Collins on boardon July 16, 1968. After it had travelled 240,000 miles in 76 hours, it entered into the lunar orbit on July 19. At 1.46 p.m., the very next day, the Lunar Module Eagle, which was manned by Armstrong and Aldrin, disconnected from the Command Module, where Collins waited. The Eagle began to drop on to the lunar surface and at 4.17 p.m., it reached the south-west side of the Sea of Tranquility. Armstrong without delay radioed to Mission Control in Houston, Texas: “The Eagle has landed.” After 19 minutes, Aldrin too joined him on the surface of the Moon. Then, they took photographs, planted a US flag and carried out a few easy scientific tests.
By landing on the moon, the US won the space race and the Americans supported their heroes a lot.Meanwhile, Russia suffered setbacks in their space programmes between 1969 and 1872. Putting a man first in the space was a huge victory for the US as it proved that it is the world’s technology leader.
This would not be the last time that a trip would be made to the Moon. However, this first landing on the moonwill be etched forever. The Soviets made four failed attempts to launch a lunar landing craft between 1969 and 1972. Thus, initially though the Soviet Union had many firsts to its credit regarding the Space Race, the Americans became the eventual winners.
Bibliography
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Redd, Nola Taylor. "Apollo 11: First Men on the Moon | Space.com." N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2015. <http://www.space.com/16758-apollo-11-first-moon-landing.html>.
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Contributor, Elizabeth Howell SPACE.com. "Explorer 1: The First U.S. Satellite | Space.com." N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2015. <http://www.space.com/17825-explorer-1.html>.
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